TL;DR: Pupil-facing edtech is unregulated and untested. It makes its way into the classroom on the back of marketing claims, rather than independent evaluations. Pupil engagement metrics are easy to capture and critical for edtech investors, but they are proxies for enthusiasm and convenience, not meaningful learning gains. This lack of evidence puts the responsibility of judging a product’s safety and effectiveness unfairly on teachers who are unable to keep up with a fast-